Docker的备份方式有export和save两种。

export是当前的状态，针对的是容器，docker save 是针对镜像images。

镜像的迁移—save

1.镜像保存

登陆到已经部署好镜像的服务器上面，执行以下命令进行导出

[root@mytest2 local]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
shiyu/centos tomcat-centos b61b207a5809 28 minutes ago 1.263 GB
docker.io/centos latest 2d194b392dd1 7 hours ago 195.4 MB
docker.io/centos 7.3.1611 66ee80d59a68 4 months ago 191.8 MB
[root@mytest2 local]# docker save b61b >mytomcat.tar

2.将镜像导入

将刚才导出的镜像上传到你要导入的那台服务器上

[root@mytest local]# scp  mytomcat.tar 192.168.0.4:/usr/local/
root@192.168.0.4's password:
mytomcat.tar                                                                                                100% 1228MB  49.1MB/s   00:25

执行以下命令镜像导入

[root@mytest local]# ll mytomcat.tar
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1287580160 Mar  6 16:36 mytomcat.tar
[root@mytest local]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
[root@mytest local]# docker load < mytomcat.tar
b03095563b79: Loading layer [==================================================>]   204 MB/204 MB
1d88d689ca13: Loading layer [==================================================>] 3.584 kB/3.584 kB
a997e4440673: Loading layer [==================================================>]  2.56 kB/2.56 kB
0a3b6c7be500: Loading layer [==================================================>] 309.5 MB/309.5 MB
cee5bf38dfe0: Loading layer [==================================================>] 774.1 MB/774.1 MB
Loaded image ID: sha256:b61b207a5809e56150df90e9c419f838c9a0988828773ef33aa2768e589c19c2kB/774.1 MB
[root@mytest local]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
<none>              <none>              b61b207a5809        About an hour ago   1.263 GB
[root@mytest local]# docker tag b61b mytomcat:2.0
[root@mytest local]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mytomcat            2.0                 b61b207a5809        About an hour ago   1.263 G

容器的迁移—export

1.导出容器

[root@mytest2 local]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
8578122af714 b61b "/bin/sh -c '/usr/loc" 56 minutes ago Up 56 minutes 0.0.0.0:8090->8088/tcp naughty_bartik
[root@mytest2 local]# docker export 8578122af714 > mytomcat_export.tar

2.导入到新的服务器上

同样需要将刚才的导出的容器备份上传到目标服务器上，执行下面的命令

[root@mytest local]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
[root@mytest local]# cat mytomcat_export.tar |docker import - centos:tomcat
sha256:b3d5c7409cf020ea3f1ce57865e8e476e878e347963b3da02cab23b1d7464ce2
[root@mytest local]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos tomcat b3d5c7409cf0 11 seconds ago 1.263 GB

注意：运行导入的镜像的时候必须带command，否则启动报如下错误

[root@mytest ~]# docker run -d -p 8090:8088 b3d5
/usr/bin/docker-current: Error response from daemon: No command specified.
See '/usr/bin/docker-current run --help'.

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